埃及，全称阿拉伯埃及共和国，地跨亚、非两洲，大部分位于非洲东北部，只有苏伊士运河以东的西奈半岛位于亚洲西南角。北濒地中海，东临红海，地当亚、非、欧三洲交通要冲，海岸线长约2700 千米。该国主要为阿拉伯人，信奉伊斯兰教，官方语言为阿拉伯语，首都开罗。埃及人口和农业主要分布在尼罗河沿岸和河口三角洲地区，是人类文明的发源地之一。埃及旅游资源丰富，文化古迹众多。经济方面主要依赖于农业、石油出口、旅游业，以及劳务出口。另外，有300万埃及人在沙特阿拉伯、海湾国家和欧洲等地工作。埃及是世界重要的棉花产地和出口国。
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